I have been assigned the task of an ICT support section of an up and coming web Essay Example

I have been assigned the task of an ICT support section of an up and coming web Essay Development Company that dedicates itself to the incorporation of high-resolution graphics and video on web pages. Nevertheless their designs and solutions are restricted by the lack of decent hardware and software which is quickly becoming outdated in such a fast changing industry.They have reached out to me to resolve their predicament by asking me to put together a written report by researching the following* Computer system* Operating system* Video editing software* Web design softwareBy doing this I have to build and appropriate system which is able to construct more complex websites.OPERATING SYSTEMIn the table inserted in the next page is a list of 4 types of operating systems including windows vista premium, window XP professional, Linux and windows vista ultimate. In these next paragraphs before the table I will be comparing the four in slightly less detail than the table and give definitions on what each of the components are and what their functions are.So for the hardware side if things the four OS (operating systems) requirements vary quite a lot as the CPU (central processing unit) on vista premium, which is at 1 GHz, (Gigahertz) is a lot more then that of XP professional which is at 300 MHz (Megahertz). The CPU speed is how fast the computer will operate so if the requirements are 300MHz and the CPU is 1GHz than the computer will be fast acting and shouldnt freeze or crash as long as you arent trying to conduct to many operations all at one time obviously the bigger the CPU the amount programs you can run at one time will increase.Another requirement for OS is RAM (Random Access Memory) this is quite self explanatory as it is randomly accessed memory and is the most familiar type of memory used in computers. RAM is used to find files very fast so the more RAM you have the less time it takes to open a program as everything on a computer is stored in files. Linux RAM requirement is 64MB (Megabytes) which is a lot less then that of windows vista ult imate at 512 MB.HDD (Hard Drive Disk) space is where everything is stored its the computer main memory source and once again OS need a certain amount of disk space before it can install itself onto the computer system. For example windows XP only needs 1.5GB free HDD space so if the computer has a 80GB hard drive then it will have loads of space to install and download a lot of other programs. Windows vista premium and windows vista ultimate both require 15GB free HDD space this is a lot but contains a lot more inbuilt programs and applications including firewalls and things that will need a lot of HDD space.When you buy an OS on Disc than depending on what the format of the disc is depends on what disc drive you have most up to date things are DVDs especially if it is to store a lot of stuff on one disc such as windows vista which is 15GB however things like Linux which only requires 250MB free HDD space will probably sold on aCD so your computer could have a CD drive but a DVD wil l run the program.Operating softwareSystem requirementsAdvantages / DisadvantagesWindows Vistapremium1.0 GHz central processor1Gb RAM15GB free HDD spaceDVD driveAdvantage is that it is cheap and everything is more advanced than XP which would probably be aimed at a more advance user however one of the Disadvantages is that sometimes its harder to find folders which leaves your computer vulnerable to viruses because if one gets in they can be hard to locate. Vista does come with its own firewall and spyware blocker which protects your computer to a small degree however you can install antivirus programs quite easily and that will fully protect your computer.Windows XP professional300Mhz central processor64Mb RAM1.5 GB free HDD spaceCD-ROM or DVD driveAdvantages are that it is laid out in the sense that files are easily found and it is not to complex system so if youre a beginner you might find this system a good one as its not to slow and not to complex. Disadvantages would be depend ing on your computer if you fill it up with to much crap your computer will slow down a great amount. XP comes with a firewall but is really outdated now because of all the advance people and hackers using the internet now.Linux500Mhz Intel Processor64Mb RAM250Mb free HDD spaceCD-ROM driveAll the advantages for Linux are as follows: low cost, performance- as it can with stand several users simultaneously and make old computers more responsive to become functional again, Easy to install and is quite fast, Linux has one of the strongest security systems in all of the operating systems in this table. Disadvantages for Linux are as follows: it takes a long time to learn which could be seen as a disadvantage because people want things instantly now days. Another disadvantage is the fact that it takes a considerable amount of time to switch you system to Linux. You might also find that a lot of the hardware might not be compatible with LinuxWindows VistaUltimate800 MHz central processor51 2 Mb RAM15Gb free HDD spaceCD-ROM driveThe advantages for vista ultimate are that the GUI (graphics user interface) is totally new for this operating system which means that its an all new layout and has many more effects and settings. Vista ultimate also has a higher degree of security when surfing the internet. Another feature in vista ultimate is parent control it can be used to deny young children to certain programs. Disadvantages are its requirements are at high rate and consume a lot of hard drive space. Vista ultimate is very expensive and the price rises depending on what country your in. some of the new changes made to vista makes it hard for people to see if they are old or have problems with their eyes.VIDEO EDITINGDuring this next page I will be explaining the table I have inserted on the following page. This table shows 4 different video editing programs that all have there own unique qualities such as their system requirements for example the graphics cards each of th em use they are very high tech and these are great gadgets which gives the user a great sense of satisfactory when making such a great video.The table also shows all the system requirements for each of the programs and judging by them you dont need to spend a fortune on a computer to run the programs although you might need room for expansion which might cost that little bit extra. On the end column of the table are some advantages and disadvantages to all the programs which basically explains what each of the programs feature or dont feature and why.Although they are all very good programs I would have to recommend the following two* Adobe Premier Pro CS3* Sony VegasAs they are both very god programs and have many good things going for them in comparison I have noticed that they are both very easy to understand, both compatible with Windows Vista Ultimate and Premium. Both of the packages give you the chance to learn and do things for yourself where as other programs do everything for you and you dont really have a great deal of control over them and dont really get the chance to have your say.The one thing that all of the packages have in common are that they are all very easy to use and most of them are very quick, they will be quicker depending on the computer. All of the programs have their own system requirements however if your computer specs are higher than the requirements of the program than its bound to be faster, more efficient and less tedious.When using these programs there are certain things that you must remember for example each of them will require a lot of patients. This could be seen as a disadvantage or a bad thing however some times taking a lot of time can result in a great finished product and this will ensure that you get as much as you can out of the packages you use.Another thing to remember is making sure that when your creating a video to be burnt on to disc you must remember what format it has to be and how much memory your disc h as for example most average single layered RW-DVDs are 4.7 GB so there wouldnt be much point in making a great DVD with as much special affects as possible to find out it wont fit on the disc you have.You also have to remember what the playback device is going to be because certain DVD players wont play home made DVDs because they dont support the format you used.Video EditingSystem RequirementsAdvantages/ DisadvantagesAdobe Premier Pro CS3CPU = 2GHz Intel Pentium 4HDD Space = 10GbGraphics Card = GeForce 8800 ultraMonitor resolution = 1280 * 1024RAM = 1GbSome of the advantages for adobe premier pro are as follows: you can create some of the most high tech and up to date DVDs including blu-rays and HD videos. Adobe Premier Pro has a very wide selection of editing tools of which you can create many special effects. Disadvantages for adobe premier pro it costs quite a lot à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½459.65 almost as much as a decent laptop. It takes up a large amount of your HDD space. Premier pro isn t compatible with AMD systems which is a shame as most AMD systems are a lot cheaper than the Dual Xeons.Ulead Video StudioCPU= 3GHz Intel Pentium 4HDD Space = 1GbGraphics card = GeForce 8800 ultraMonitor resolution = 1280*1024RAM = 1GbUlead video studio is a much updated piece of software and everything within the program is of high standard although there is some room for improvement such as DVD authoring and automatic movie generation. One advantage to Ulead video studio is that it is very quick and easy to use as its layout is simple and very clear. The only disadvantage to this package is the minimal consideration paid to Video Studios wizard-driven DVD authoring capabilities.Sony VegasCPU = 1GHz processorHDD Space = 800 MBGraphics card = Inno 3D 880GTXMonitor Resolution = 1280*1024RAM = 1GbSome advantaged for Sony Vegas are as follows: for starters it has a great audio mixing feature, it is user friendly and is easy to understand this is because it gives the user a great deal of control and it isnt just the program doing everything and its video editing package is some what high tech with many features and tools on it. The disadvantage is that in Sony Vegas the video and audio tracks are joined by default however one click on a button eliminates that connection.WEB DESIGNThe next table to be inserted on the following page will include a list of four specific Web design package that can be installed on your computer and will create a fully working website and will even publish them to the internet providing you have a suitable web hosting company that will provide you with web space.These Web Design programs all very good but there are to that stand out and from what Ive seen have fantastic capabilities that will leave you with a very satisfactory product at the end. Neither of these programs is hard to use and they both give you a lot of help and guidance with your work. They are also both very different from each other for the following reasons: one of them is designed to help you build a company website which has said to be the best package to create a successful business if youre running an online company which so many more people are doing now its like the way of the future, however you can design other websites which dont necessarily have to be company websites. The other one of the two is less specific in what you can create and gives you a very wide range of templates to choose from to help you build although can create one from scratch if its easier for you.Both of these packages seem to be built to make it easier for you and these fantastic packages are:* Adobe Dreamweaver CS3* Xsite ProThe only thing I would say lets it down for Adobe Dreamweaver is its price at the minimum of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½399 which is hardly a match for Xsite pro at a fantastic price of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½197 and you get virtually the same thing.Xsite Pro also has fewer requirements than Adobe Dreamweaver which is a great advantage because like I said previously if you have a big system than your program is guaranteed to run a hell of a lot faster.The things that put me off about the other to is that one of them doesnt allow you to insert your own documents which can be annoying if you have prepared something in another program to save time and just want to insert it into you website.From what I have observed both Magix Website Maker and First Page V3 Final are very basic and have some issues, although small can become very annoying when you put the program into action.Although I dont like Magix Website Maker I must admit that it has one good thing going for it and that is that it is free to use online with no installation needed which can save valuable space on your computer and you wouldnt have to worry about accidentally deleting your work neither would you have to worry about losing it if your system crashes or goes down.Much like Magix Website Maker First page is free however unlike Magix Website Maker you do have to download and inst all the program to your computer which does also have its advantages in the sense that if your internet goes down you can carry on doing your work without having to worry about losing it.So overall I would definitely have either Xsite Pro or even Adobe Dreamweaver for the pure reason that this is for a company website and it needs to be as professional and presentable as possible. The other two are more for amateurs and learners who need to work on the web design skills and not suitable for big companies.Web DesignSystem RequirementsAdvantages/DisadvantagesAdobe Dreamweaver CS3CPU = 2 GHz Intel CentrinoHDD Space =1GbGraphic Card = Inno 3D 880GTXMonitor Resolution =1024*768RAM = 512 MbSome features and advantages to Adobe Dreamweaver are it has a great learning resource which includes basic templates for website which the user can expand and change things he or she wants to this helps the user learn from what he or she has done and what each tool helped him or her achieve. This progr am is supported by many advanced technologies such as HTML, Java Script, ASP.NET and many others. The only disadvantage I found with this is the price the buyer isnt getting much more than the last version Adobe GoLive and is paying a lot more.Magix Website MakerCPU = 266 MHzHDD Space = 100MbGraphic Card = Quarts extreme-compatibleMonitor Resolution = 1024*768RAM = 64MbMagix Website Maker has the ability is to create high quality videos, music, animations and photos that can be integrated into the website. This package comes with tutorials storage space and domain names this package is easy to use and doesnt take a lot of experience to get the hang of it. The disadvantages would be that it doesnt let you put your own documents in such as HTML or Word documents, and some might say its too basic.First Page version 3 finalCPU = 75 MHz Pentium processorsHDD Space = 50 MbGraphic Card = GeForce 8800 ultraMonitor Resolution = 1024*768RAM = 512 MbIn First Page version 3 final its got full s upport from many advanced technologies such as HTML and Java Script and more much like adobe Dreamweaver and one of the great advantages to First Page is that its free to download. The only disadvantage I know of is that the program crashes sometimes but I think thats due to having an old outdated screen.Xsite ProCPU = 1 GHz processorHDD Space = 512 MbGraphics Card= Inno3D GeForce 8800 GTXMonitor Resolution = 1280*1024RAM = 256 MbXsite Pro is a great program for those who want to make a profitable online business and is overflowing with features to help you design your website. This program automatically creates and obtains a sitemap for your site which save you a lot if time. Xsite Pro makes it boring when the user is outsourcing a lot of websites updating to a virtual assistant. This web designer is by far the best out of all the programs reviewed here.COMPUTER SYSTEMSIn the following table is two computer systems that I have made up using Dell computer customise service which all ows you to pick a tower and customize it from hardware to software. What ever you choose to put into it will increase or even decrease the products price.The two computers are both capable of running all the programs required however the bottom computer system is using all the minimum system requirements which could cause the computer to be slow and tedious. The top computer meets the requirements and then exceeds them this will make the computer a very fast system but comes at a considerably higher price at à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8,395 however having said that you pay for the quality and quantity of this computer whereas the other computer system is a mere à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,672 but you do get enough for the money you pay.If I had the money I would definitely go with the Dell Precision T7400 as I think it will be quick and fun to use and make work so much more pleasurable to do instead of having to wait a long time for everything to load up.There are significant differences in the two computer sys tems in the table below, the Dell Precision T7400 has an Intel Xeon processor Quad Core which will make your computer extremely fast and will be a hell of a lot quicker responding to commands. Unlike the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 only has a Intel Core 2 Duo processor which isnt as fast as the Quad Core but can be just as efficient when executing programs. There are several good reasons for why theyre both good but the Dell Precision T7400 is more high spec and thats what makes it stand out in quality and quantity.The hard drives are tremendously different in size the Dell Precision T7400 has a 750GB hard drive where as the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 has a 1TB Hard Drive with a 16MB DataBurst Cache. Obviously the hard drive in the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 is exceptionally better as it has more memory which is more efficient for storing all the software needed for video editing, web design and the operating system. Having more hard drive space also helps the speed and efficiency of the computer system.The RAM on both systems are at opposite extremes the Dell Precision T7400 has 16GB which will speed up opening files and accessing documents and folders whereas the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 has only 2GB of RAM although this isnt as big as the Dell Precision T7400 but it does meet all the software system requirements.The Graphics card on the Dell Precision T7400 has 1.5GB PCI which is basically the expansion on the graphics card the higher the PCI the better graphics so this graphics card is better than the one in the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 which is DUAL PCI but hasnt got the extra 1.5GB expansion.The optical drives in each of them are DVD-RW and are considerably fast however the optical drive in the Dell Precision WorkStation T3400 runs with the following programs Cyberlink, PowerDVD and Roxio Creator which may come standard with the drive however the optical drive in the Dell Precision T7400 may run with the previous programs but dont come as standard.

High School Grades Dont Always Accurately Reflect Your Ability

High School Grades Don't Always Accurately Reflect Your Ability A college interview can provide you with an opportunity to explain grades that arent reflective of your true academic ability. Just be careful to use the opportunity effectively. When Should You Explain a Weak Grade? Some interview questions provide you with an opportunity to explain a bad grade or weak spot in your academic record. Nearly all highly selective colleges have holistic admissions, so the admissions officers want to get to know you as a person, not just as a list of grades and test scores. Your interviewer knows that you are human and that extenuating circumstances can sometimes affect your academic performance. That said, you dont want to sound like a whiner or grade grubber. If you have mostly As, dont feel that you need to come up with an excuse for that one B. Also, make sure youre not blaming others for your academic performance. The admissions folks wont be impressed if you complain about an unreasonable teacher who doesnt give out easy As. However, if you did have circumstances outside of your control that hurt your grades, dont hesitate to explain what happened. Many events can affect grades: your family moved, your parents divorced, a close friend or family member died, you were hospitalized, or other serious events.   Weak Interview Question Responses All of these responses will backfire and paint you in a bad light rather than bring context and understanding to your grades. Im very good at math, but my teacher didnt like me. Thats why I got a C.  This response suggests that you arent mature enough to own up to the grade you earned. Was your math teacher that biased and unprofessional? And if so, why didnt you address the unethical behavior with school officials? Even if your teacher didnt like you, this isnt something you want to highlight in your interview. Are you unlikable?I worked really hard, so I dont know why my grades werent higher. This response makes you sound clueless. Students who dont understand the low grades they earned are risky prospects for a college to admit. Successful students know what went wrong, and they work to address the problems.I would have put more effort into my classes, but I was too busy with my job and sports. While this response may be honest, it will not create a good impression. Its wonderful that you are busy with work and athletics, but successful college students have strong time management skills, and they give academics a top priority. I didnt have to work hard to get all those As. Shhh. Sure, we all had classes that were easy As, but dont draw attention to this fact during your interview. Good Interview Question Responses So, how should you answer a question about the relationship between your record, your effort, and your ability? In general, take ownership of your grades and justify low grades only if you have truly extenuating circumstances. The responses below would all be appropriate: My parents got divorced at the beginning of my sophomore year, and Im afraid I was too distracted to put in my best effort at school. Fair enough. Big upheavals at home- divorce, death, abuse, frequent moves- can certainly make it difficult to devote 100 percent of your effort to academics. If a large domestic issue did affect your grades, your interviewer will want to know about it. Ideally, however, your academic record shows that the dip in grades was short-lived. If your grades never recovered, the admissions officers will wonder if you have gotten your act together enough to do well in college.I had surgery in 9th grade and was on a lot of pain medications. Serious illness or surgery can certainly disrupt your academic efforts, and it is worth mentioning this type of disruption if it had a negative impact on your grades. Here, as with the response above, your record should show that the dip in grades was temporary. Make sure you are talking about serious health issues. Your inte rviewer will not be impressed if you try to blame that weak semester on the sniffles. Yes, my record does reflect my effort. I didnt work as hard as I should have in 9th grade, but by 10th grade, I had figured out how to be a successful student. The honesty of this response is refreshing. Some students figure out how to succeed later than others. There is nothing wrong with this. In general, colleges will be pleased to see that your grades have trended upwards throughout high school. A downward trend will raise red flags. Again, dont be tempted to explain every little aberration in your academic record. The interviewer is looking to see if you had any major extenuating circumstances that affected your grades. More on College Interviews A successful college  interview requires some preparation, so make sure you have thought of responses to some of the most common interview questions. Youll also want to be careful to avoid common interview mistakes. Keep in mind that interviews are usually friendly affairs, and you should view them as an opportunity to chat with someone about the college you are considering. Interviewers arent trying to trip you up; rather, they want to get to know you better, and they want to help you get to know their school better.

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Final paper - Essay Example This drastically reduced her total score and Elauf was not hired. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) filed a case against the Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc. claiming that the firm Abercrombie had violated Title VII of the Civil Rights of 1964 by rejecting to hire Samanatha Elauf due to her hijab (headscarf). The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission enforces the federal regulations that prohibit employment discrimination. According to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 an employer may be liable when he or she rejects either to select and hire or discharge a worker based on a religious practise or observance only if the employer has tangible knowledge that there was need for religious accommodation and the definite knowledge of the employer emanated from a direct notification from the employee or applicant. Walsh (741) shares the view that the firm argued that Samantha did not notify the interviewer that she needed an accommodation. However, Elauf who was the plaintiff was wearing the headscarf for religious reasons. More to the point, during the interview at Tusla, Oklahoma in 2008 the store manager never mentioned to Elauf issues relating to the hijab. It was only later on that the district supervisor argued that the headgear disqualified Elauf from the job. It can therefore be assumed that the recruitment team was aware that she was wearing the hijab for religious reasons. Initially the district court ruled in favour of Elauf. The established that the EEOC had determined all elements of a prima facie case of discrimination, such as the firm’s awareness of Samantha’s need for a religious accommodation, and also ruled that Abercrombie had failed to rebut the EEOC’s showing on those elements. However, the Tenth Circuit reversed the summary grant. Law cannot get rel igion right (Sullivan 138). The appellate court overturned the decision and sided with Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc. However, an article

Struggle of Human Nature in the Lord of the Flies Research Paper

Struggle of Human Nature in the Lord of the Flies - Research Paper Example Thesis Statement The research paper will intend to focus on the fight or the resistance of human character that is experienced by the marooned boys in the island in their quest for survival. The background of the story was found to have occurred during the mid period of an unnamed nuclear war. The literary work aims at depicting the characters or the boys plunge or transformation into savagery. This particular research paper will try to make an attempt to gain a lucid comprehension regarding the contradictory desires towards civilization. Discussion The novel has already been stated to be a narrative of a situation where a group of few young British boys discover themselves abandoned in a particular island. The attempts made by them for the reason of their respective survival are known to offer a thoughtful insight into the aspect of human character. The story narrates a situation where a remarkable transformation of the human character can be evidently observed good to malevolence, order to disorder and finally from progress to savagery. This particular novel that is the Lord of the Flies concentrates or focuses on unraveling the various circumstances under which the inherent evil is made to surface with regard to the character of the individuals. The consequences as a result of failing to deal with one’s own trepidations have also been highlighted along with indicating the fight that takes place between the disorder and the civilization in a situation of ‘survival of the fittest’. The aspects related to the existence of the thin line between civilization as well as disorder, the inherent human evil, supremacy along with its effects and grouping has been found to be identified in this specific novel (Venkat, â€Å"Literature and the Individual†). The underlying subject matter of the novel has been deciphered to be the collapse of culture towards disorder or rather savagery. This definite facet has been supposed to revolve around or s tress on the fight that takes place among the decision rudiments associated with the society involving regulation, customs, principles along with the disordered components which have been acknowledged to be an integral part of the people’s savage characters that is believed to entail chaos, bloodlust, self-centeredness, amorality and the yearning for supremacy. The study of the fundamental subject matter of the novel relates to the actuality of referring civilization as a facade which is simply capable of being perforated with the intention to disclose the cruelty that is supposed to be associated with the human character (Althaus, B., â€Å"Lord of the Flies - Parallels and Differences Between Golding's Novel and Hook's Cinematic Adaption†). The disagreement between the facets of civilization as well as savagery has been found to be competently highlighted with the assistance of the depiction of the various shades of the human nature in relation to the characters of t he story. The character of Ralph which has been identified to be the central character of the novel along with Piggy has been depicted as figures of leadership and ethics. In contrast to the mentioned personalities, the character of Jack along with his most trusted associate Roger has been regarded to be adversary

Latest Monitoring Tools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Latest Monitoring Tools - Research Paper Example However, the research indicated that the company’s rate of sales have not been majorly influenced by these social media sites owing to the fact that only 12% of its sales are influenced by comments on twitter, facebook and google+. This is an indication that clients spend more time of social media but, less time is spent on the company’s blogs or even its web page (http://socialmediatoday.com n.d). In order to improve the company’s sales through proper prediction of customers’ behavior in social media sites, the company can employ the use of Hootsuite: This tool assists company’s undertake their campaigns on social media regarding their brands (https://hootsuite.com n.d). It will also allow the company to measure the efficacy of social media on their sales hence assist in formulating solutions on predicted or potential challenges. This tool is easy to manage and above all its relatively cheaper as compared to other tools. 101 Vital Social Media and Digital Marketing Statistics. (n.d.). RSS. Retrieved February 11, 2014, from

Bio-Medical Model of Health: History, Overview and Analysis

Bio-Medical Model of Health: History, Overview and Analysis INTRODUCTION Efficient, cost effective and patient centred care matching the needs of a complex, rapid changing health care industry is important as it undergoes a complete reconstruction. Keeping in mind its intricate nature, it is imperative that collaboration occurs in all stages of the planning process to ensure a smooth transition. The sheer volume of changes can be overwhelming, however nurses need to seek the window of opportunity and develop a new set of skills or utilize existing skills focusing on flexibility and adaptability to create new career pathways that can move nursing in a direction that has not been seen before. What is paramount in this equation however is the need to use knowledge from our past, building on its foundations to ensure sustainability. This literature review is based on discussing the Bio-Medical Model beginning with a historical perspective, synthesizing components within, leading to events which have driven the need for major changes in the health structure, design, process and delivery of health care. By reflecting on the past we can gain an understanding on economic, cultural, political and social influences that have helped shape our health climate and the way we work. This will enable us to gain knowledge and apply this to our future using a well grounded approach. Throughout history there have been many leaders who have contributed to shaping the Bio-Medical Model of Health and Illness which is the dominant model used in Medicine within the Western World, and is over centuries old. Rene Descartes in the 1700s recognized the mind and body were separate entities hence today there are different practitioners treating them, each with their own set of literature and research. (Cannon,R. 2014). ( Maher, n.d) argues that the mind and body are inextricably bound and there is no division between them. Alternatively some of the Eastern traditions work on the philosophy that the mind, body and all existential matter work together like a well oiled machine.(Large, E 1996). Many other people helped lay the foundations of the Bio-medical model of Health and illness for instance Louis Pasteur recognised that diseases are spread by bacteria and could be killed through sterilisation with Koch building on this concept by discovering that certain bacteria caused a particular type of disease. Joseph Lister played his part in medical science discovering that germs had the potential to cause illness and death. John Dalton stated that matter was made up of atoms which set up further research in physics.(Liang et al; 2006). These are just a few areas which operated under the umbrella of biomedical model of Health and Illness. The Biomedical Model is based on science and focuses on health as being devoid of disease. Science usually uses a system of enquiry which occurs through observation, experimentation, collecting data, hypothesizing and predicting resulting in a conclusion. Progress in science does not demonstrate allegiance to open interpretation rather favours accuracy and predictability. The main function of health services is to cure the sick and disabled working under a physiological framework. (Greenhill, 2008). Illness creates a physical change in the body due to chemical imbalances, viruses, bacteria, or genetic causes. (â€Å"Introduction to Health Psychology†. n.d.). Working within the Biomedical framework, the relationship between health and illness is confirmed whereby a person is considered to be either ill or healthy and there are no grey areas in between. Recognition of Patterns of illness is derived from signs and symptoms provided by patients assisting doctors in constructing a medical history in which further investigation can occur. Obtaining pathology is one method which guided doctors in enabling some form of treatment to be implemented. The patient is then expected to recover and therefore they are cured. (McGraw,n.d.). The social constructs of medicine under the Bio-medical model has been one where the doctor is a person who holds the knowledge, is competent in nature and ultimately the gatekeeper. They have been held in high esteem by the public due to their professional standing. This belief system was strengthened by the fact that the doctor held the power, was trusted and ultimately had the monopoly in health services which were self regulated. It was he who treated the illness. (Crinson, I 2014). During the 19th Century through regulating the profession, power was given to doctors to self regulate and the ability to regulate other health disciplines occurred so that they would exercise domination within the health service. Adams,T 2013). Using Parsons Systems model with its roots embedded in biomedicine, illness is considered to of course being undesirable with the ill individual,who must take on that persona and seek help accordingly, co-operating with directives from a health professional. Based on Parson’s theory no onus occurs on behalf of the individual in relation to health ownership, resulting in people when ill have the right to withdraw from their social responsibilities such as attending school or work. (Parsons, 2011). This type of belief system is somewhat contradictory in terms where in some cultural contexts however, individuals are made to feel responsible for their medical conditions and often ridiculed such as those that smoke and those that consume large amounts of alcohol, while others in comparison are made to feel blameless. (Lupton, 2012). Philosophy has influenced and transfigured meta-physical medicine into scientific medicine. The philosophical changes focus on knowledge drawn through observation, and experiences and therefore knowledge is based on facts, evidence and research (empiricism) (Thomas, 2014). Secularism progressed with the shift of dominance of religious and spiritual influence in health and physical reductionism which involved dissecting and interpreting complex processes into small parts resulting in a broader understanding of illness.( Beresford, 2010). Doctors are seen to make judgments on who is ill and who is not.( Ekobi, 2013). Conditions of a person are evaluated rather than the impact a condition has on them. (Leimkuehler, 2005). Alterations within the body are defined, measured and isolated. Patients often take a passive role in the Doctor/Nurse relationship. The doctor is an authoritative figure who gives an order or suggestion and the patient obeys. (Darkins Cary, 2000). Treatment of illness occurs from an outside intervention directed and controlled usually by the doctor either physically such as through surgery or chemically using medication. (Vallis McHugh 2011 The psychological, social, behavioural and environmental aspects are not usually given much emphasis in treatment of patients for practitioners working under the auspices of the biomedical model. Difficulties occur when explaining chronic pain and underlying pathophysiology is examined in isolation, making it difficult to explain why treatments fail. (Lewis 2014). Literature from many sources have outlined the increase in costs, nursing recruitment and retention problems, aged population, technological advances and a more informed society have all contributed to the medical model of practice that no longer meets people’s health needs both on an individual level and globally. The biopsychosocial supports the view that illness culminates from one or a number of causes such as biological, psychological or environmental issues. (Waddell G Aylward 2010). Albelson et al supports this and identifies causative factors such as age, genetic makeup, social support, social role in society, level of income and many other internal and external elements, which necessitates promotion of initiatives within health policies and management. The social model is not designed as a substitute for the biomedical model but it is there to complement it. (Germov,J 2013). A qualitative study executed in Canada investigated whether or not population health was integrated, as a focus for future plans within their health programmes. Results demonstrated that although there was inclusion within their policies, however leaders in the health field acknowledged the need to develop flexible frameworks, and they emphasized the importance of sharing a large body of knowledge that could be adapted across different contexts. Evidence based practice has been used within the biomedical model of health, and is important in justifying and being accountable for your work. Your ideals and values within the framework and model that underpins your work culture guides your practice and therefore this will dictate how you would answer the question â€Å"What is health promotion?† One may answer by helping people cope with their social environment, or maybe to look at how their environment can work to their advantage or by reviewing the medical treatment given which would provide optimum results. (Raphael, 2000). For a smooth transition from one paradigm to another, requires people to be engaged in the change process by enhancing their abilities and willingness to become active rather than proactive in their health. Research has shown that by adopting the following principles this will be beneficial to all concerned. Importance should be highlighted in involving all parties in the decision making process from contributing to the healthcare design, and delivery to the point of evaluation. Encouraging willing participants to promote patient centred care through advocacy, optimises policy development. Targeting resources to those that are most vulnerable reduce inequalities in health care is valuable in making positive changes. (Self Management Alliance, 2010). How you envisage healthcare in the very near future hopefully will be a system run by efficient knowledgeable staff who delivers quality, patient centred care in a timely fashion. A system which focuses on prevention and embracing a holistic approach in easily accessible, user friendly settings, staff will promote empowerment so that people can take back some control over health practices whilst making informed choices with the aim of addressing the who, where, what and why principles when it comes to all that affects ones health. Working as one close unit together as individuals, family, friends, and community and globally will go a long way in the improving health for all. CONCLUSION Medicine is no longer a static process with predictable ways of measuring all health outcomes .Riding the journey and embracing change both in the health industry and that of society which is subjected to internal and external forces, through reflection the ride can be made smoother by our history can set the climate for open discussion and effective communication so that we can reproduce the conceptual dimensions which worked to our advantage, and bypass the rest. What is abundantly clear is the need for nurses to learn the importance of having their voice heard through joint decision making processes and move on from a culture that in the past has subtly led nurses to being second cousins to other professions. It should be noted that with such complexities of an everychanging world is medicine requiring a change in health paradigm there is no one panacea within this context. When it comes to designing the perfect health care system we can’t just leave it up to serendipity. Just something for us to ponder over is Christiaan Barnards words which are as follows: I dont believe medical discoveries are doing much to advance human life. As fast as we create ways to extend it we are inventing ways to shorten it. Christiaan Barnard

Big Brother is Watching :: Essays Papers

Big Brother is Watching Privacy in the Information Age. Have you sat down to eat dinner, just as you put that first bite into your mouth the phone rings. You know better than to answer it, but you do any way. To your dismay you find out that you were right Tele-marketers? As you hang up you wonder how did they get my number? How do they know what are your interests, likes, dislikes? You hand the cashier a plastic card with a magnetic strip which contains your name and address. All of your purchases are recorded and a few days later you receive discount coupons for a new product you might like in the mail. You think that targeted marketing in the information age really works! A woman feels she may be expecting, she goes to the pharmacy to purchase a home pregnancy test. Without thinking, she hands her â€Å"bonus card† to the cashier and a few days later she receives mail from baby product manufactures. She is thinking that she is living in an information age nightmare. Information technology, and particularly the internet and the World Wide Web, can provide benefits that were only dreamed of a decade ago. These new opportunities, however, raise questions about potential threats to personal privacy that are just now starting to be understood. Consumers, for example, like â€Å"one on one marketing† at Miscellaneous Web sites which allows them to browse various selections recommended based on previous purchases and their personal profile. They are much less sure about the site’s developing real time profiles of users based on demographics or psychographics. Similarly, workaholics are attracted to internet dating services that promise to find high achievers their ideal mate; They gladly spend thirty minutes completing the extensive introductory questionnaire. They are less thrilled when they later find that â€Å"E-Mate† has been acquired by another company specifically for its extensive data base of personal information. Our concern is the privacy of personal information in a digitally networked world where personal data can be input, stored, sorted, analyzed, mined, transmitted and exchanged globally with increasing ease and decreasing cost. There is growing concern about data privacy, especially on the Net which is accompanied by marked disagreements about what can, and should be done. These differences are exacerbated by very real cross-cultural and cross-national differences in values, history and economic philosophies. Where national borders are not even speed bumps on the information superhighway.